A Biological Approach to Endodontic Irrigation –Taking a Step Forward

Endodontic research has always been focused on developing methods or endodontic irrigants that can completely remove the bacteria with minimal side effects.  To overcome cytotoxicity, antimicrobial resistance and safety concerns of widely used endodontic irrigants, and to achieve predictable, complete disinfection of the root canal system, there is no doubt that a more innovative basic and biological approach is needed. Alternatives based on natural substances look promising from this perspective, among which is the plant Cotinus coggygria Scop (family Anacardiaceae), a well-known source of polyphenols, tannins with antimicrobial activities against a wide range of microorganisms, including the most resistant endo pathogen Enterococcus feacalis.  Therefore, this plant was selected for our research. By the special, patented technology of obtaining biologically active substances – exclusively for our study unique formulation of cultivated in Georgia Cotinus coggygria leaves polyphenol extract (CCPE) has been developed and on its purified fraction various concentrations of experimental aquas solutions were prepared.  Microbiological research by modified disc-diffusion method has determined a wide range of antimicrobiological activity of CCPE, including E. faecalis and optimal concentration of active irrigant.

Surprisingly, the majority of published data on compounds produced from C. coggygria lacks information on the safety margins for complex organic compounds. Our work attempted to close this informational gap. By the safety investigations of the CCPE no local irritating and allergenic properties have been revealed.

The scientific and Practical potential of implementation of reliable, cost-efficient, and non-toxic herbal anti-microbial irrigation agent – CCPE in everyday practice for successful management and prevention of persistent endodontic infection has been highlighted through this scientific research. The in vivo study is in progress for recommending this novel herbal/bio preparation into everyday clinical practice.